Infectious Prophylaxis with Intrawound Vancomycin Powder in Orthopedic Surgeries: Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis.

Despite many existing strategies used to reduce the rates of surgical site infection (SSI), these are still fairly frequent complications that pose a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Therefore, the search for more effective methods of perioperative infection prophylaxis became a main subject of research, with the goal of decreasing postoperative morbidity, mortality, and costs. Thus, the present study sought to assess the effectiveness of intra-wound vancomycin powder in orthopedic surgery SSI prophylaxis. A systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols 2015 (PRISMA-P 2015). A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify controlled studies on the rates of SSI with or without the local use of vancomycin powder. Exclusion and inclusion criteria were applied. A meta-analysis with random effects was performed. Out of 412 titles that met the criteria, 7 studies regarding spine surgery were included: 4 prospective and 3 retrospective studies. A total of 6,944 cases were identified, and they were divided into 2 groups: the control group (3,814 patients), to whom intrawound vancomycin was not administered, and the intervention group (3,130 patients), to who vancomycin was administered locally. We observed that 64 (2.04%) patients in the intervention group developed SSI, in contrast to 144 (3.75%) patients in the control group. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the local use of vancomycin powder had an statistically significant protective effect against SSI in cases of spine surgery, with a relative risk (RR) of 0.59 and a 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of 0.35-0.98. The use of prophylactic intrawound vancomycin powder has a protective effect against SSI in spine surgeries; however, further prospective trials are needed to endorse its use in orthopedic surgeries.

Infectious Prophylaxis with Intrawound Vancomycin Powder in Orthopedic Surgeries: Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis / Profilaxia infecciosa com aplicação local de vancomicina em pó em cirurgias ortopédicas: Revisão sistemática com metanálise

Abstract Despite many existing strategies used to reduce the rates of surgical site infection (SSI), these are still fairly frequent complications that pose a challenge for orthopedic surgeons. Therefore, the search for more effective methods of perioperative infection prophylaxis became a main subject of research, with the goal of decreasing postoperative morbidity, mortality, and costs. Thus, the present study sought to assess the effectiveness of intra-wound vancomycin powder in orthopedic surgery SSI prophylaxis. A systematic review and meta-analysis study was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols 2015 (PRISMA-P 2015). A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify controlled studies on the rates of SSI with or without the local use of vancomycin powder. Exclusion and inclusion criteria were applied. A meta-analysis with random effects was performed. Out of 412 titles that met the criteria, 7 studies regarding spine surgery were included: 4 prospective and 3 retrospective studies. A total of 6,944 cases were identified, and they were divided into 2 groups: the control group (3,814 patients), to whom intrawound vancomycin was not administered, and the intervention group (3,130 patients), to who vancomycin was administered locally. We observed that 64 (2.04%) patients in the intervention group developed SSI, in contrast to 144 (3.75%) patients in the control group. The results of the meta-analysis showed that the local use of vancomycin powder had an statistically significant protective effect against SSI in cases of spine surgery, with a relative risk (RR) of 0.59 and a 95% confidence interval (95%CI) of 0.35-0.98. The use of prophylactic intrawound vancomycin powder has a protective effect against SSI in spine surgeries; however, further prospective trials are needed to endorse its use in orthopedic surgeries.

Resumo Apesar das diversas estratégias perioperatórias empregadas para diminuir a incidência de infecção no sítio cirúrgico (ISS), tais complicações ainda são frequentes, e representam um desafio para os ortopedistas. Por esse motivo, há uma necessidade permanente de buscar métodos cada vez mais eficazes de profilaxia anti-infecciosa, para que sejam reduzidas significativamente as taxas de morbidade pós-operatória, mortalidade, e os custos com os cuidados de saúde. Este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a eficácia da profilaxia infecciosa com aplicação tópica de vancomicina em pó em cirurgias ortopédicas. Fez-se um estudo de revisão sistemática com metanálise, usando-se o Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocols 2015 (PRISMA-P 2015). Fez-se uma busca abrangente na literatura por estudos controlados sobre as taxas de ISS com e sem o uso de vancomicina em pó na ferida. Entre os 412 títulos encontrados que preencheram os critérios, foram selecionados 7 estudos, 4 prospectivos e 3 retrospectivos, todos em cirurgia de coluna. A amostra total foi de 6.944 pacientes, que foram divididos em 2 grupos: controle (3.814 pacientes) e intervenção (3.130 pacientes). Observou-se que no grupo intervenção, no qual a vancomicina tópica foi aplicada, 64 (2,04%) pacientes desenvolveram ISS, e, no grupo controle 144 (3,75%) pacientes. Os resultados da metanálise demonstraram que o uso de vancomicina tem efeito protetor contra ISS em cirurgias de coluna, com risco relativo (RR) de 0,59, significância estatística, e intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%) entre 0,35-0,98. O uso da vancomicina em pó profilática, no leito da ferida, tem fator protetor contra ISS em cirurgias de coluna; entretanto, mais ensaios prospectivos randomizados são necessários para recomendar seu uso em cirurgias ortopédicas.

Anatomical variant of the meniscus related to posterior junction: a case report.

BACKGROUND: There are several reports on anatomical differences of the meniscus. However, there are only a few reports on abnormalities in both menisci and anatomical differences in anterior cruciate ligament insertions. CASE PRESENTATION: This is a case report of a 36-year-old Hispanic man presenting symptoms, including knee pain, locking, and effusion, with an anatomical abnormality of the menisci corresponding to the fusion of the posterior horns of the menisci in tandem with the insertion of the posterior meniscus fibers in the anterior cruciate ligament. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first study describing a meniscus anatomical variant with isolated posterior junction of the posterior horn with an anomalous insertion to the anterior cruciate ligament. The recognition of meniscus variants is important as they can be misinterpreted for more significant pathology on magnetic resonance images.

Atividade educativa na sala de espera com pacientes com insuficiência cardíaca / An educational activity in the waiting room with heart failure patients

Fundamentos: A insuficiência cardíaca (IC) é uma síndrome crônica, de tratamento complexo; de tal modo permite que estratégias de educação em saúde tenham importante impacto na qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia de palestra realizada na sala de espera de um ambulatório para pacientes com IC. Métodos: Palestra educativa foi realizada para pacientes que aguardavam o atendimento, com duração média de 40 minutos. Antes e após a palestra, os pacientes responderam ao mesmo questionário, composto por 10 perguntas objetivas, concernentes à IC. Dados sociodemográficos foram coletados na ocasião do preenchimento do questionário e os dados clínicos durante a consulta. Resultados: 187 pacientes responderam ao questionário inicial e 114 ao questionário final. Foi encontrada uma melhora significativa no desempenho dos pacientes após a palestra (79,3% vs. 92,8%, p<0,001). Conclusões: Palestras constituem uma importante estratégia educacional, são de simples execução e apresentam impacto imediato e significativo no conhecimento dos pacientes sobre IC.

Background: Heart failure (HF) is a chronic syndrome and of complex treatment. So that, it allows health education strategies to have important impact on the management of these patients. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of educational activities on the waiting room of a specialized clinic for patients with HF. Methods: While waiting for their appointments at the clinic, the patients took part on an educational activity with main duration of 40 minutes. They answered questionnaire (consisting of 10 questions) both before and after the lectures about HF. Sociodemographic data were collected during the questionnaire application and the clinical data during the medical appointment. Results: 187 patients answered the initial questionnaire and 114 answered both of them. There was a significant improvement of the questionnaire's results after the lectures (79.3% vs 92.8%, p<0.001). Conclusions: Lectures performed at the waiting room of a specialized clinic represent an important educational strategy of simple execution and with a significant immediate impact on the patient's knowledge about HF.